Polysaccharide from Smilax glabra Roxb Mitigates Intestinal Mucosal Damage by Therapeutically Restoring the Interactions between Gut Microbiota and Innate Immune Functions

Smilax glabra Roxb (S. glabra) is a conventional Chinese medicine that mainly used for the reliability of inflammation. However, bioactive polysaccharides from S. (SGPs) have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we demonstrate first time SGPs preserve integrity gut epithelial layer and protect against intestinal mucosal injury induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Mechanistically, mitigated colonic restoring association between flora innate immune functions. In particular, increased number goblet cells, reduced proportion apoptotic improved differentiation tight junction proteins, enhanced mucin production in layer. Moreover, endorsed propagation probiotic bacteria, including Lachnospiraceae bacterium, which strongly correlated with decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines via blocking TLR-4 NF-κB MyD88 pathways. Overall, our study establishes novel use treatment inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated provides basis understanding therapeutic effects natural perspective symbiotic associations host mechanisms microbiome.